As Nigeria’s 10th Senate, under the stewardship of Godswill Akpabio, marks its first anniversary, it is an opportune moment to reflect on the achievements, challenges, controversies, and overall impact of this legislative body. It is a significant milestone under the leadership of Senate President Godswill Akpabio. This anniversary offers a moment to reflect on the achievements, challenges, and the path forward for the legislative body. The past year has been a whirlwind of legislative activities, political maneuvers, and public scrutiny, providing a rich tapestry of events worthy of detailed examination.
The Inauguration and Early Days
The 10th Senate was inaugurated on June 13, 2023, amidst a backdrop of high expectations and political anticipation. Godswill Akpabio, a seasoned politician with a wealth of experience, was elected as the Senate President. His emergence was met with both applause and skepticism, reflecting the polarized nature of Nigeria’s political landscape. Akpabio’s leadership was seen as a potential catalyst for legislative dynamism, given his track record as a former governor and minister.
Legislative Milestones
One of the notable high points of the 10th Senate has been its legislative output. In its first year, the Senate has passed 25 significant bills aimed at addressing key national issues. These include:
Economic Stimulus Package (May 2024): In May 2024, the Senate approved an economic stimulus package aimed at revitalizing the economy post-COVID-19. The package included tax incentives for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), grants for startups, and funding for infrastructural projects to boost job creation and economic growth.
2024 Appropriation Bill: On December 30, 2023, the Senate passed the 2024 budget, increasing its size from the proposed N27.5 trillion to N28.7 trillion. This budget includes N1.7 trillion for statutory transfers, N8.7 trillion for recurrent expenditure, and N9.9 trillion for capital expenditure.
Constitution Amendment Bills: The Senate has passed multiple bills amending the 1999 Constitution, including those establishing the financial autonomy for local governments, separating the Office of the Attorney General from the Minister of Justice, and ensuring uniform retirement ages for judicial officers. These amendments are part of a broader effort to reform the constitutional framework of Nigeria
National Youth Service Corps Trust Fund (Establishment) Bill, 2023: This bill, which is currently awaiting a second reading, aims to provide a sustainable source of funding for the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) to support skill acquisition, training, and empowerment of corps members.
Central Bank (Establishment) Act Amendment Bill, 2023: This bill seeks to amend the Central Bank Act to enhance transparency and accountability within the Central Bank of Nigeria. It is also awaiting a second reading
Electricity Act (Amendment) Bill, 2023: This bill addresses issues related to host communities and the distribution of funds to the Hydro Producing Areas Development Commission (HYPADEC). Both chambers of the National Assembly have passed this bill.
Beyond these are also the Students’ Loan Bill, The Central Bank of Nigeria Act 2007, A bill to revert to Nigeria’s old National anthem amongst others.
Controversies and Criticisms
While the 10th Senate has had its share of successes, it has not been without controversies. Several incidents and decisions have sparked public outcry and raised questions about the Senate’s priorities and ethical standards.
Leadership Election Disputes (June 2023): The election of the Senate President, Godswill Akpabio, and Deputy Senate President, Jibrin Barau, sparked controversy. Allegations of vote-buying and undue influence by powerful political figures, including the Executive branch, marred the process. Critics argued that the elections lacked transparency and fairness, undermining the Senate’s independence.
Budget Controversies
One of the most contentious issues was the handling of the national budget. Allegations of budget padding and opaque allocation of funds led to intense debates within the Senate and criticism from the public. These allegations underscored the persistent challenges of transparency and accountability in Nigeria’s legislative processes.
Executive-Legislative Relations
Under Akpabio’s leadership, the relationship between the executive and legislative branches has been a subject of significant scrutiny and debate among Nigerians. It was marked by a dynamic interplay of power and influence between the two arms of government, shaped by political alignments, policy decisions, and public perception.
Opinions among Nigerians regarding this relationship are mixed. Some praised the Senate for its efforts in promoting transparency and checks on executive power, citing instances where it blocked what it deemed as questionable appointments or expenditures. However, criticisms are also widespread, with concerns over perceptions of undue political influence from the executive over the legislature.
Public Perception and Engagement
Public perception of the 10th Senate has been mixed. While many Nigerians appreciate the legislative accomplishments and the proactive stance on key issues, there is also a pervasive sense of disillusionment with the political class.
Transparency and Accountability
Calls for greater transparency and accountability have been a recurring theme in public discourse. Civil society organizations and the media have played a crucial role in holding the Senate accountable, scrutinizing its activities, and highlighting instances of misconduct. This has led to increased pressure on senators to uphold ethical standards and prioritize the interests of their constituents.
Civic Engagement
The Senate’s engagement with the public has also evolved. Efforts to increase civic participation through public hearings, and digital platforms have been commendable. These initiatives have provided a platform for citizens to voice their concerns and contribute to the legislative process, fostering a more inclusive and participatory democracy.
Challenges Ahead
As the 10th Senate embarks on its second year, several challenges loom large. Addressing these challenges will be crucial in determining its effectiveness and legacy.
Security Concerns
Nigeria continues to grapple with significant security challenges, including insurgency, banditry, and communal conflicts. The Senate’s role in formulating and overseeing security policies will be critical in addressing these issues and ensuring the safety and stability of the nation.
Economic Recovery
The Senate will also need to focus on driving economic recovery in the wake of the global pandemic and other economic disruptions. This will involve passing legislation that promotes economic growth, supports small and medium-sized enterprises, and addresses unemployment and poverty.
Electoral Reforms
Ensuring credible and transparent elections remains a priority. The Senate’s ongoing efforts to amend the Electoral Act and strengthen the electoral process will be crucial in building public trust and ensuring the legitimacy of future elections.
The first anniversary of Nigeria’s 10th Senate under the leadership of Godswill Akpabio offers a moment for reflection and assessment. The Senate has made significant strides in passing important legislation and addressing key national issues, but it has also faced its share of controversies and criticisms. The coming year presents an opportunity for the Senate to build on its achievements, address its shortcomings, and continue working towards the betterment of Nigeria. As the nation watches closely, the actions and decisions of the 10th Senate will undoubtedly shape the future of Nigeria’s democracy and governance.
