Garukuwa Jibril is a celebrated cameraman with over 26 years of unbroken service in Nigeria’s vibrant media industry. His dedication to excellence and passion for visual storytelling have earned him a reputation as one of the finest professionals in the field. Currently serving as a cameraman with Africa Independent Television (AIT), Garukuwa’s career is an evidence of hard work, resilience, and an unwavering commitment to documenting history.

Garukuwa’s professional journey began with professional training at the Nigeria Television Authority (NTA), where he gained technical skills and artistic insight into camera operations. This early foundation laid the groundwork for a career of precision, creativity, and an ability to adapt to the ever-evolving demands of the media industry. 

One of Garukuwa’s most remarkable professional feats is his coverage of the Nigerian Parliament. For nearly 25 years, he has been a familiar presence within the halls of the National Assembly, meticulously documenting its proceedings and milestones, making him an eyewitness to countless moments of legislative history. 

Garukuwa was on hand to capture the foundation-laying ceremony of the National Assembly complex, a historic event marking the establishment of Nigeria’s central legislative body, preserving a key milestone in the country’s democratic evolution.

Garukuwa’s career is not limited to the corridors of power. He has traveled extensively across Nigeria and beyond, covering diverse assignments that demonstrate his versatility and broad perspective. 

What sets Garukuwa apart is not just his technical expertise but also his deep understanding of his work as more than just a job; but a calling to connect people with events, emotions, and truths. His attention to detail, and collaborative spirit have earned him the respect of colleagues, journalists, and stakeholders in the media industry.

Over the years, Garukuwa has become more than just a cameraman; he is a custodian of history and a storyteller whose work has bridged the gap between events and audiences. His presence in the industry, coupled with his wealth of experience, makes him a mentor to younger professionals who look up to him for guidance.

As a cameraman, Garukuwa Jibril’s legacy is one of excellence, resilience, and a profound dedication to the art of visual storytelling. He continues to set the standard for professionalism in the media industry, proving that the man behind the camera is just as important as the story being told.

Throughout Nigeria’s history, the press has been a vital pillar of democracy, serving as the voice of the people, a watchdog for corruption, and a force for social change. But during the military regimes that gripped the country for decades, journalists faced tremendous challenges. The fight for press freedom was not just a battle for the truth, but a fight for survival. This feature looks back at the courage of Nigerian journalists who stood firm in their pursuit of truth and their determination to ensure the voice of the people could not be silenced, despite constant threats, intimidation, and censorship.

The Military Era in Nigeria: A Dark Period for Journalism

Nigeria’s experience under military rule was marked by a series of harsh regimes that sought to control the narrative and suppress dissent. The military government viewed the press as a threat, especially when it began to uncover the excesses of the rulers and speak for the voiceless in society. This became particularly apparent during the numerous coups and the long stretches of military dictatorships that began in the late 1960s and continued through to the 1990s.

In these times, the government imposed tight censorship laws, forbidding journalists from publishing anything deemed detrimental to the regime’s image. Media houses were either forced to toe the government’s line or face closure, harassment, or worse. Newspapers, radio stations, and television stations were often banned or censored for covering events that went against the military government’s narrative. Editors and reporters were routinely arrested, tortured, or silenced for their stance on the truth.

Press Freedom Under Siege

One of the darkest days in Nigerian journalism came during the regimes of Generals Muhammadu Buhari (1983-1985), Ibrahim Babangida (1985-1993), and Sani Abacha (1993-1998). These military rulers imposed stringent measures to ensure the media did not undermine their hold on power. The most common tactics included the banning of newspapers, confiscation of print materials, arrest of journalists, and the imposition of heavy fines on media outlets.

Under Buhari’s regime, for instance, a clampdown on the media began almost immediately after his coup in 1983. Newspapers like The Guardian and Newswatch were targeted, with editors arrested and press freedom severely restricted. Journalists found themselves under constant surveillance, and the slightest hint of criticism toward the government could lead to imprisonment.

But it was under the regime of General Sani Abacha that press censorship reached its most severe. Abacha’s government was known for its heavy-handed approach to any form of dissent. Journalists were forced to operate under constant fear of reprisal. The notorious National Media Commission (NMC) had the power to shut down media outlets for publishing anything considered to be anti-government, and this was a period where journalists had to carefully navigate what they could or could not report.

The Courage of Nigerian Journalists

Despite the oppressive climate, many Nigerian journalists showed remarkable courage in the face of danger. One such figure was Dele Giwa, the founding editor of Newswatch magazine. Giwa was known for his unflinching pursuit of truth, especially regarding corruption within the government. He was eventually killed by a letter bomb in 1986, an act widely believed to have been orchestrated by the military government in retaliation for his investigative journalism. His tragic death symbolized the high price many journalists paid for their work during the military era.

Another iconic journalist of the era was Kudirat Abiola, the wife of business magnate Moshood Abiola, who was an outspoken critic of the military regime. Kudirat played a crucial role in the advocacy for democracy and the release of political prisoners, including her husband, who had won the annulled 1993 presidential elections. Kudirat’s activism made her a target, and she was assassinated by military operatives in 1996. Her death sent shockwaves through the nation, highlighting the deadly risks journalists and activists took to fight for democracy in the face of military brutality.

But there were also media houses that took a stand. The Guardian newspaper, under the leadership of its founder, Dr. Alex Ibru, became a symbol of resistance during this period. Despite repeated closures and harassment from the military, The Guardian never wavered in its commitment to journalistic integrity and press freedom. Many other newspapers, such as The Punch, The News, and This Day, also played a pivotal role in ensuring that Nigerians were kept informed despite the government’s best efforts to stifle dissent.

The Role of Foreign and Local Support Networks

While the government’s repression was severe, Nigerian journalists were not fighting alone. Many found solidarity in foreign organizations such as Amnesty International and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), which consistently highlighted the plight of Nigerian journalists and condemned the military’s actions. These organizations helped draw international attention to the abuses faced by the press and called for sanctions and actions to protect press freedom.

Locally, journalists found support among civil society organizations, activists, and members of the Nigerian public who believed in the importance of a free press. The media, especially during the years leading up to the return of democracy in 1999, became the rallying point for those advocating for civilian rule and democratic governance.

One of the critical movements that shaped this period was the #FreeNigeria campaign. This was a broad-based coalition of journalists, human rights activists, and ordinary Nigerians who used the media to fight against military rule. It brought together people who were committed to the belief that freedom of speech and a free press were fundamental to the functioning of a democratic society.

The 1999 Return to Democracy and the Future of Press Freedom

The return to democracy in 1999, with the election of Olusegun Obasanjo, brought a glimmer of hope to the press in Nigeria. For the first time in over three decades, journalists could breathe a little easier. While press freedom was not entirely guaranteed, the new civilian government was much more open to constructive criticism from the media. The press could now operate without the same level of fear that marked the military regimes.

However, the battle for press freedom did not end with the return to democracy. Although the press has more freedom today, challenges still exist. Journalists in Nigeria continue to face threats from political figures, powerful corporations, and even their colleagues in high places. In 2020, for instance, the Nigerian government attempted to control the narrative by passing laws that could muzzle the media, including the infamous “Social Media Bill” aimed at curbing online expressions.

Nevertheless, the sacrifices made by Nigerian journalists during the military era cannot be forgotten. Their courage and resilience laid the foundation for a more open and democratic press, and their stories remain a testament to the indomitable spirit of the Nigerian media.

The Legacy of Nigerian Journalists

The history of journalism under military rule in Nigeria is not one of despair but of resilience. Journalists like Dele Giwa, Kudirat Abiola, and countless others paid the ultimate price to ensure that the truth was told. Today, the press continues to serve as an important check on power, even as it faces new challenges in a democratic era.

The struggles of journalists under military rule remind us of the importance of press freedom in any society. It is a reminder that a free press is not just a luxury, but a necessity for democracy, accountability, and the protection of human rights. The courage of Nigerian journalists in the face of oppression will forever inspire future generations of journalists who continue the fight for truth, justice, and freedom of expression.

In a rapidly evolving media landscape, the question of whether journalism training in Nigeria is equipping graduates with the skills needed for the industry has become increasingly pertinent. As the demand for accurate, timely, and compelling reporting grows, stakeholders—from educators to employers—are assessing whether journalism education aligns with the realities of modern reporting.

This critique examines the state of journalism training in Nigeria, highlighting its strengths, gaps, and the urgent need for reforms to ensure it meets industry needs.

The Current State of Journalism Education

Nigeria boasts a rich history of journalism, with institutions like the Nigerian Institute of Journalism (NIJ) and various university programs dedicated to the craft. These institutions have produced some of the country’s most celebrated journalists. However, critics argue that the curricula often lack dynamism, leaving graduates ill-prepared for the demands of today’s newsroom.

A closer look at the typical journalism program reveals a strong emphasis on theory over practice. Courses often focus heavily on media ethics, communication theories, and the history of journalism. While these are essential, the fast-paced nature of modern journalism requires a deeper focus on practical skills like multimedia reporting, digital storytelling, data journalism, and investigative techniques.

Industry Demands vs. Academic Offerings

The media industry has undergone a seismic shift, with digital platforms dominating the information ecosystem. Social media, citizen journalism, and mobile reporting have reshaped how news is gathered and consumed. Unfortunately, many journalism schools in Nigeria have been slow to adapt to these changes.

“We need graduates who can hit the ground running,” says Tayo Akinyemi, editor at a leading digital news platform. “But what we often get are individuals who struggle with basic digital tools and lack the storytelling techniques necessary for engaging today’s audience.”

The gap between what is taught in classrooms and what the industry needs is glaring. While some institutions have begun incorporating courses on digital media and online journalism, these efforts are often insufficient or poorly executed due to a lack of resources, qualified instructors, and outdated facilities.

Challenges in Journalism Training

1. Outdated Curricula

Many journalism programs in Nigeria still rely on curricula designed decades ago. These programs often fail to address emerging trends like artificial intelligence in journalism, fact-checking in the age of misinformation, and audience engagement through analytics.

2. Limited Practical Exposure

Journalism is a hands-on profession, yet many students graduate with minimal field experience. Internship opportunities, which should serve as a bridge between academics and practice, are often poorly structured. In some cases, students are placed in media houses where they are underutilized or relegated to menial tasks.

3. Inadequate Facilities

A lack of modern equipment is a significant barrier. From outdated recording equipment to limited access to software for video editing and graphic design, many institutions are ill-equipped to train students for the realities of a digital-first media environment.

4. Underqualified Educators

Another challenge lies in the teaching staff. While many lecturers are well-versed in communication theories, they may lack the practical newsroom experience needed to mentor students effectively. This disconnect often results in a theoretical approach that fails to inspire confidence in students’ ability to navigate real-world scenarios.

The Role of Media Organizations

While the shortcomings of journalism education are evident, media organizations also share responsibility for bridging the gap. Few media houses in Nigeria invest in structured on-the-job training programs. Instead, many expect new hires to adapt quickly without providing the necessary support.

However, some organizations are taking steps in the right direction. Platforms like Premium Times and TheCable have launched initiatives to train young journalists in digital media and investigative reporting. These programs, though commendable, reach only a fraction of the aspiring journalists entering the workforce each year.

Bridging the Gap: What Needs to Change

1. Curriculum Overhaul

Educational institutions must revamp their curricula to include practical, industry-relevant courses. Modules on data visualization, social media strategy, podcast production, and mobile journalism should become standard. Collaborations with media organizations can ensure these courses reflect real-world demands.

2. Investment in Infrastructure

Government and private sector partnerships can help equip journalism schools with modern facilities. From state-of-the-art newsrooms to editing suites, access to the right tools is crucial for effective training.

3. Strengthening Internship Programs

Internships should be more than a box-ticking exercise. Media houses and schools must work together to create structured programs that provide meaningful exposure to reporting, editing, and production. Assigning mentors to guide interns can significantly enhance their learning experience.

4. Continuous Professional Development

Journalism educators must stay abreast of industry trends through workshops, fellowships, and collaborations with practicing journalists. This ongoing development ensures that their teaching remains relevant and impactful.

5. Media Literacy and Ethics

In an era of misinformation, journalism training must prioritize media literacy and ethical reporting. Students need to understand their role in combating fake news and promoting credible journalism that serves the public good.

A Shared Responsibility

Improving journalism training in Nigeria is not solely the responsibility of educational institutions. Media organizations, government bodies, and even journalists themselves have roles to play. Scholarships and grants can encourage talented individuals to pursue journalism, while mentorship programs can help bridge the experience gap for young reporters.

Additionally, the Nigerian Union of Journalists (NUJ) and other professional bodies can play a more active role by setting benchmarks for journalism education and fostering collaboration between schools and the industry.

The Future of Journalism in Nigeria

As Nigeria continues to grapple with socio-economic challenges, the role of the press in shaping public discourse cannot be overstated. Producing the right talent for this critical task requires a concerted effort to align education with industry needs.

“The future of journalism in Nigeria hinges on our ability to adapt,” says Funmi Adeyemo, a veteran journalist and media consultant. “We need to equip the next generation with not just the skills but also the mindset to thrive in a constantly changing environment.”

By addressing the gaps in training and fostering stronger partnerships between academia and the industry, Nigeria can nurture a new breed of journalists ready to uphold the tenets of the profession while navigating the complexities of the modern media landscape. The time to act is now.